23 Containers library [containers]

23.6 Container adaptors [container.adaptors]

23.6.6 Class template stack [stack]

23.6.6.1 General [stack.general]

23.6.6.2 Definition [stack.defn]

23.6.6.3 Constructors [stack.cons]

23.6.6.4 Constructors with allocators [stack.cons.alloc]

23.6.6.5 Modifiers [stack.mod]

23.6.6.6 Operators [stack.ops]

23.6.6.7 Specialized algorithms [stack.special]

23.6.6.1 General [stack.general]

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Any sequence container supporting operations back(), push_back() and pop_back() can be used to instantiate stack.
In particular, vector, list and deque can be used.

23.6.6.2 Definition [stack.defn]

namespace std { template<class T, class Container = deque<T>> class stack { public: using value_type = Container::value_type; using reference = Container::reference; using const_reference = Container::const_reference; using size_type = Container::size_type; using container_type = Container; protected: Container c; public: constexpr stack() : stack(Container()) {} constexpr explicit stack(const Container&); constexpr explicit stack(Container&&); template<class InputIterator> constexpr stack(InputIterator first, InputIterator last); template<container-compatible-range<T> R> constexpr stack(from_range_t, R&& rg); template<class Alloc> constexpr explicit stack(const Alloc&); template<class Alloc> constexpr stack(const Container&, const Alloc&); template<class Alloc> constexpr stack(Container&&, const Alloc&); template<class Alloc> constexpr stack(const stack&, const Alloc&); template<class Alloc> constexpr stack(stack&&, const Alloc&); template<class InputIterator, class Alloc> constexpr stack(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, const Alloc&); template<container-compatible-range<T> R, class Alloc> constexpr stack(from_range_t, R&& rg, const Alloc&); constexpr bool empty() const { return c.empty(); } constexpr size_type size() const { return c.size(); } constexpr reference top() { return c.back(); } constexpr const_reference top() const { return c.back(); } constexpr void push(const value_type& x) { c.push_back(x); } constexpr void push(value_type&& x) { c.push_back(std::move(x)); } template<container-compatible-range<T> R> constexpr void push_range(R&& rg); template<class... Args> constexpr decltype(auto) emplace(Args&&... args) { return c.emplace_back(std::forward<Args>(args)...); } constexpr void pop() { c.pop_back(); } constexpr void swap(stack& s) noexcept(is_nothrow_swappable_v<Container>) { using std::swap; swap(c, s.c); } }; template<class Container> stack(Container) -> stack<typename Container::value_type, Container>; template<class InputIterator> stack(InputIterator, InputIterator) -> stack<iter-value-type<InputIterator>>; template<ranges::input_range R> stack(from_range_t, R&&) -> stack<ranges::range_value_t<R>>; template<class Container, class Allocator> stack(Container, Allocator) -> stack<typename Container::value_type, Container>; template<class InputIterator, class Allocator> stack(InputIterator, InputIterator, Allocator) -> stack<iter-value-type<InputIterator>, deque<iter-value-type<InputIterator>, Allocator>>; template<ranges::input_range R, class Allocator> stack(from_range_t, R&&, Allocator) -> stack<ranges::range_value_t<R>, deque<ranges::range_value_t<R>, Allocator>>; template<class T, class Container, class Alloc> struct uses_allocator<stack<T, Container>, Alloc> : uses_allocator<Container, Alloc>::type { }; }

23.6.6.3 Constructors [stack.cons]

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constexpr explicit stack(const Container& cont);
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Effects: Initializes c with cont.
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constexpr explicit stack(Container&& cont);
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Effects: Initializes c with std​::​move(cont).
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template<class InputIterator> constexpr stack(InputIterator first, InputIterator last);
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Effects: Initializes c with first as the first argument and last as the second argument.
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template<container-compatible-range<T> R> constexpr stack(from_range_t, R&& rg);
4
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Effects: Initializes c with ranges​::​to<Container>(std​::​forward<R>(rg)).

23.6.6.4 Constructors with allocators [stack.cons.alloc]

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If uses_allocator_v<container_type, Alloc> is false the constructors in this subclause shall not participate in overload resolution.
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template<class Alloc> constexpr explicit stack(const Alloc& a);
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Effects: Initializes c with a.
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template<class Alloc> constexpr stack(const container_type& cont, const Alloc& a);
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Effects: Initializes c with cont as the first argument and a as the second argument.
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template<class Alloc> constexpr stack(container_type&& cont, const Alloc& a);
4
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Effects: Initializes c with std​::​move(cont) as the first argument and a as the second argument.
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template<class Alloc> constexpr stack(const stack& s, const Alloc& a);
5
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Effects: Initializes c with s.c as the first argument and a as the second argument.
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template<class Alloc> constexpr stack(stack&& s, const Alloc& a);
6
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Effects: Initializes c with std​::​move(s.c) as the first argument and a as the second argument.
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template<class InputIterator, class Alloc> constexpr stack(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, const Alloc& alloc);
7
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Effects: Initializes c with first as the first argument, last as the second argument, and alloc as the third argument.
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template<container-compatible-range<T> R, class Alloc> constexpr stack(from_range_t, R&& rg, const Alloc& a);
8
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Effects: Initializes c with ranges​::​to<Container>(std​::​forward<R>(rg), a).

23.6.6.5 Modifiers [stack.mod]

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template<container-compatible-range<T> R> constexpr void push_range(R&& rg);
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Effects: Equivalent to c.append_range(std​::​forward<R>(rg)) if that is a valid expression, otherwise ranges​::​copy(rg, back_inserter(c)).

23.6.6.6 Operators [stack.ops]

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template<class T, class Container> constexpr bool operator==(const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
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Returns: x.c == y.c.
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template<class T, class Container> constexpr bool operator!=(const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
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Returns: x.c != y.c.
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template<class T, class Container> constexpr bool operator< (const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
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Returns: x.c < y.c.
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template<class T, class Container> constexpr bool operator> (const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
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Returns: x.c > y.c.
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template<class T, class Container> constexpr bool operator<=(const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
5
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Returns: x.c <= y.c.
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template<class T, class Container> constexpr bool operator>=(const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
6
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Returns: x.c >= y.c.
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template<class T, three_way_comparable Container> constexpr compare_three_way_result_t<Container> operator<=>(const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
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Returns: x.c <=> y.c.

23.6.6.7 Specialized algorithms [stack.special]

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template<class T, class Container> constexpr void swap(stack<T, Container>& x, stack<T, Container>& y) noexcept(noexcept(x.swap(y)));
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Constraints: is_swappable_v<Container> is true.
2
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Effects: As if by x.swap(y).